Hvac duct work - Duct cleaning involves your air handler and plenums, which are usually next to your furnace. Clear a path to this equipment, whether it’s in your attic, basement, garage, or utility closet. ⏰ Choose a convenient time. Duct cleaners will make some noise and need to visit all rooms of your home.

 
 or call (855) 679-0011. Air ducts: over time, they can loosen, tear, or crack—causing your system to run less efficiently. It’s important to keep your ductwork intact and clean to save money on energy bills and discourage the spread of dirt, dust, and mold throughout your home. Trust Aire Serv ® with all your HVAC duct repair and ... . Dine in fayetteville

Galvanized Sheet Metal Ducts from The Duct Shop's HVAC ductwork is manufactured from high quality galvanized steel in 3 foot lengths for easy handling. One end of each piece is crimped for easy fitting of consecutive joints or to sheet metal fittings and flexible duct. The seam on our galvanized sheet metal duct is formed on a snap-lock machine ... • Furnace or air handler and all ducts should be sealed with mastic or UL 181A or 181B tape. • An alternative method of duct sealing is available that seals the duct from the inside. The method was developed by the Lawrence Berkley Laboratory and is UL listed and Energy Star® approved • Recommended reading: ASHRAE …Are you looking to take your HVAC skills to the next level? If so, then an HVAC course online might be just what you need. In today’s fast-paced world, online learning has become i... Here are the common types of HVAC insulation and their primary benefits: Duct Liner: Used to line sheet metal ducts when both thermal and acoustical performance is desired. Duct Board: Fabricated into the duct itself, duct board offers both sound and thermal control. Duct Wrap: Thermal insulation installed on the outside of sheet metal ductwork ... You can have top-rated HVAC units and still experience issues. No doubt, some problems require a professional. But given the cost of HVAC units, troubleshooting smaller issues on y...Apr 17, 2022 ... In this video we are going to see installation of HVAC ductwork methods and statements part 1. If you are watching our videos first time ...0:00 / 6:33. Residential Ductwork : HVAC Duct Design Basics. HVAC Bee. 1.49K subscribers. Subscribed. 1.9K. 125K views 4 years ago. Learn all the basics of …7 Best HVAC Duct Design Apps Used by Every Technician. 1. SimScale. You can now optimize your ductwork system designs faster and better using the SimScale application. SimScale, computer-aided engineering (CAE) software product operating on cloud computing, is an essential tool for designing ductwork.This article explains the diagnosis and cure of odors in HVAC ducts, air handlers, blowers, for both warm air heating and air conditioning systems. Duct and air handler odors in buildings can be traced to a variety of sources such as leaks and mold in the duct system, a leaky (and unsafe) heat exchanger sending flue gases or even …Duct. Ducts are conduits or passages used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) to deliver and remove air. The needed airflow includes for example supply air, return air and exhaust air. Ducts commonly also deliver ventilation air as part of the supply air. As such, air ducts are one method of ensuring acceptable indoor air ... What are the shipping options for Metal Ducts? All Metal Ducts can be shipped to you at home. What are some of the most reviewed products in Metal Ducts? Some of the most reviewed products in Metal Ducts are the Master Flow 4 in. x 5 ft. Round Metal Duct Pipe with 415 reviews, and the Master Flow 6 in. x 5 ft. Round Metal Duct Pipe with 234 ... Dec 10, 2021 ... The ducts are connected to vents, which deliver both hot and cool air throughout your home. Since your entire HVAC unit relies on ductwork to do ...In summary, here are the best practices: No takeoffs within 2 feet of the blower motor. Put dampers on every single run. If you’re going to use the end cap, put a damper on it. Use dampers. Don’t forget the dampers! —Matt Bruner. #duct #duct design #ductwork #hvac.Air Conditioning ducting supplies & systems. Ductus is proud to be named the official KingSpan distributor for the Australia and New Zealand regions effective August 2020. All our ALP Active duct boards and pre insulated ducts incorporate a proprietary silver-based coating imbedded into the facing giving the product anti …This is because ductwork is responsible for distributing conditioned air throughout your home. Ductwork typically brings air from the A/C or furnace to its source and sends into your home through a supply duct. The air then naturally flows to different parts of your home where a return duct is located. If the air pumping into the …Feb 7, 2024 · The cost to clean air ducts and entire lengths of ductwork varies according to the size of your home, the type of ducts and any accessibility concerns. Cleaning ductwork boasts a wide cost range ... Step 1: CFM – System Size & Blower Size. Sizing an HVAC System. Step 2: Maximum Friction Rate. Friction Rate and Ductwork Length. What is TEL? Step 3: … Rubber-Cal HVAC Insulated-Flex Ducting 6-in x 300-in Insulated Aluminum Flexible Duct R 3. The "HVAC Insulated-Flex" hose is a superb choice for HVAC air duct use. These flexible ducts for air conditioning applications are double-ply insulated flexible hoses that are made of aluminum foil and PET film layers. In the field of HVAC service and repair, a duct is a tube, pipe or channel through which air flows. The duct may be made of metal of synthetic materials. Homes …Jul 17, 2023 ... Designed, thought out, and installed correctly, duct work can easily out-last the building it's in and any number of AHUs that get attached ...Richard Trethewey is in the basement where the ductwork is being connected and installed by HVAC contractor Obie Rosa and his crew. Richard and Obie show Kev...After a duct cleaning, you can use two different disinfectants. The primary disinfectant we use is called Decon 30. It is manufactured by Benefect and kills 99.9% of germs in 30 seconds. It requires no rinsing and no PPE. It kills germs such as; Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, MRSA, E. coli O157 … What are the shipping options for Metal Ducts? All Metal Ducts can be shipped to you at home. What are some of the most reviewed products in Metal Ducts? Some of the most reviewed products in Metal Ducts are the Master Flow 4 in. x 5 ft. Round Metal Duct Pipe with 415 reviews, and the Master Flow 6 in. x 5 ft. Round Metal Duct Pipe with 234 ... Sep 21, 2023 · HVAC Duct Types: 4 Types Of Ductwork. When it comes to HVAC ductwork, not all ducts are created equal. Each type of duct serves a specific purpose and has unique characteristics. Let's explore the four primary types of HVAC ductwork and their features and applications. duct work. ac ventilation. flexible duct. 1 air connector. adjustable clamp. air conditioning. air duct cleaning. air hose. air ventilation. aluminum foil. bathroom vent. ... HVAC 8 in. x 25 ft. Insulated-Flex Ducting Ventilation Duct Hose. Add to Cart. Compare. More Options Available $ 64. 78 (3) Model# 23-183-08-25.HVAC systems typically operate with internal air temperatures between 40˚F (4˚C) and 250˚F (121˚C). Systems operating outside this range are not considered in this guide, except that fibrous glass insulation boards may be used in systems operating at internal air temperatures between 0˚F (-18˚C) and 450˚F (232˚C). 1.Ducts are, essentially, tubes—and your home’s ductwork is the system of tubes that allow air to be carried from your HVAC system or furnace through the house to multiple rooms and locations. While there are ductless forms of heating and cooling available on today’s market, the vast majority of homes built since 2000 have a duct system.Air duct cleaning helps remove allergens from your HVAC system so your family can breathe cleaner air. It’s not a job you need to do often, but you should be prepared for the costs...Asbestos Materials on or in the Air Conditioning or Heating System Duct Work. The photograph shows asbestos paper heating duct wrap. Asbestos in these locations is a possible hazard which may require special attention, particularly if the paper has been damaged as we show here - where it may shed asbestos particles into … Learn all the basics of HVAC ductwork sizing and ductwork design. Along with the basics of HVAC ductwork, this HVAC training will also help to educate you on... In this HVAC Training Video, I Show and Explain Trunk Duct Fittings, Elbows, Dimensions, and Names so that an Apprentice or Helper can Learn the Terminology ...Residential duct work is part of your HVAC system that supplies heated or cooled air to the living space from the furnace and returns the same amount of air from the living space back to the furnace. This process provides a mixing of the air and maintains proper air pressure in the house, especially when …Overall Rating: Boydton Heating & Furnace Contractors are rated 0.0 out of 5 based on 0 reviews of 0 pros. The HomeAdvisor Community Rating is an overall rating based on verified reviews and feedback from our community of homeowners that have been connected with service professionals. See individual business pages for full, detailed reviews.This device distributes the air collection and flow of an HVAC system. The supply plenum sends air from the centralized unit to the rooms with air vents while ...Baking Soda and Detergent. Mix one cup of water, one tablespoon of laundry detergent and half a tablespoon of baking soda and then submerge the vents in the solution for at least 10 minutes ... The Master Flow 6 in. x 25 ft. Insulated Flexible Duct R6 Silver Jacket is used in standard Heating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems and some venting applications. The duct has R6 insulation which contains 33% more insulation than the standard R4.2 product. This additional insulation provides greater thermal efficiency to save energy. When it comes to purchasing an HVAC system, one of the most well-known brands is Lennox. However, you may have noticed that prices for Lennox systems can vary greatly depending on ...A typical dust brush with a long handle is ideal for cleaning your ducts. For best results, make sure the brush has stiff bristles. 3. Screwdriver. It is common to find air ducts and vents fastened using screws, or other fastening details. You will need a standard screwdriver to unfasten your ducts during cleaning. 4. The Master Flow 6 in. x 25 ft. Insulated Flexible Duct R6 Silver Jacket is used in standard Heating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems and some venting applications. The duct has R6 insulation which contains 33% more insulation than the standard R4.2 product. This additional insulation provides greater thermal efficiency to save energy. Condensation from your HVAC system makes certain types of air ducts the perfect place to grow mold spores. Fortunately, sheet metal ducts do not absorb moisture, which prevents mold growth. 5. Fiberglass-Lined Ducts. Fiberglass-lined ducts have a structure similar to sheet metal ducts, though they use different materials.An Hvac duct system is made up of a number of components that work together to move the air and heat through the system. In an average home, there are around 150 Hvac ducts that distribute the heated or cooled air throughout the building. Each duct has a specific purpose, such as moving air from one room to another or … Learn all the basics of HVAC ductwork sizing and ductwork design. Along with the basics of HVAC ductwork, this HVAC training will also help to educate you on... Aug 14, 2023 ... Like all HVAC equipment, air ducts experience wear and tear, which is why it is important to have your ductwork checked and likely replaced ...Highlights. Your air ducts deliver cool and hot air throughout your home. There are sheet metal, fiberglass-lined, fiberboard, and flexible ducts. Some signs you need a cleaning include dirty vents and a pest …Apr 29, 2022 · Less Expensive – by almost 50%. By the time insulation is added to the cost of standard metal ductwork, the material cost is almost twice that of flexible ductwork that comes pre-insulated. Also, flexible ductwork is faster to install than metal ductwork. Properly sealing all seams, joints and elbows on metal is time consuming, and time is ... Ductwork is an essential part of the HVAC system that keeps your home comfortable and protects its air quality. Ducts need occasional service, such as repairs, ...Duct Detectors Smoke Detection NFPA 90A Code Requirements. In air supply systems with a capacity greater than 2000 CFM’s downstream of the air filters and upstream of any branch ducts. In multi-story buildings at each story with a commonly shared return and having a capacity greater than 15,000 CFM’s. The smoke …HVAC ductwork refers to the network of air passages or ducts that connect HVAC equipment to interior spaces. Ducts channel cooled/heated air from central air handlers to living areas and return stale interior air back to the HVAC unit. Ductwork design incorporates various factors that impact airflow velocity, air … Steps for Insulating HVAC Ductwork. Check the speed of the blower motor on the furnace. If necessary, switch the wires to reduce the blower to its lowest speed. Press a continuous strip of foil tape to all longitudinal seams along straight runs of duct. Use a paintbrush to apply duct mastic to the joints where an elbow connects to a duct. One of them is sealing up leaks in their ductwork. There are two very cheap, very easy ways to fix your leaky ductwork yourself; HVAC tape and duct sealant. Option 1 – HVAC Tape: This is your basic foil tape (Polyken 337) and what I use for a typical, exposed duct type system. 1 / 6.Sep 11, 2020 ... Comments419 ; HVAC Duct Design: Manual D, Fittings, Friction Rate, Pressure Loss, & Static Pressure w/ Alex Meaney. Home Performance · 71K views.Ducting Online are one of the leading manufacture and distributer of all types of ducting. 01628 529122 (Monday to Friday 8am till 5pm) | facebook twitter instagram youtube. OK. Account. 0 Your cart £ 0.00 ; Home; Sales: 01628 529122; Ducting ; Spiral pipe & fittings; Clipped edge duct; Clamp duct; Plastic ductwork;Jul 17, 2023 ... Designed, thought out, and installed correctly, duct work can easily out-last the building it's in and any number of AHUs that get attached ...Professionals usually use the duct sizing rule of thumb that states a one-ton capacity air conditioner should be installed every 500 feet of air-conditioned floor area. If your ducts aren’t sized properly, you could waste a lot of energy. It may be surprising to hear the importance of your ductwork and how sizing can …Are you interested in pursuing a career in the HVAC industry? With the convenience of online learning, you can now take HVAC courses from the comfort of your own home. However, wit...These connectors are crimped on both ends, which makes them flexible and easy to attach to existing duct work. A duct elbow is another type of duct connector that’s used to make turns when connecting round pipes. Seal Exposed Duct Work . Find 10 Inch hvac duct & fittings at Lowe's today.The collecting ducts of the kidneys are a network of small tubes that act as a drainage system in the body. They are the place where urine is first formed. The primary functions of...In HVAC ductwork, many of the contaminants are attached to the sides of the ducts or are too heavy to be dislodged by air pressure alone. They need to be physically dislodged. With professional duct cleaning, special tools used to clean air ducts include brushes or air whips attached to compressed air hoses, …Are you looking to enhance your skills in the HVAC industry without breaking the bank? Look no further. In this article, we will explore the best free HVAC classes available to hel...AQC Industries is a leading manufacturer and innovator of The BlueDuct® underground air duct systems for heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC). The BlueDuct is the only proven, direct-burial underground duct system made from ultra-durable, advanced HDPE (high-density polyethylene). The products are …When it comes to HVAC installation, following the proper codes and regulations is of utmost importance. Not only does it ensure the safety of both the occupants and the technicians...Flexible Duct Connectors and Transitions for Your HVAC System. A flexible duct connector is an important component of an HVAC system, as it connects your home’s ducts with the equipment for effective heating and cooling. Crafted of durable galvanized steel, these transitions and connectors are reliable additions to your …In the field of HVAC service and repair, a duct is a tube, pipe or channel through which air flows. The duct may be made of metal of synthetic materials. Homes …With a team of highly qualified metal fabrication professionals and state-of-the-art equipment, Ductwork Express offers custom fabricated duct, curbs, curb adaptors, flashings and much more for both residential and commercial HVAC systems. Call John at: (402) 339-7869. Email us today: [email protected] length of supply air duct should be fully prepared on the ground. Each joint will need S-cletes for the longer top and bottom of the duct. Drives will be ...To run HVAC duct in a 2×4 wall, you can use rectangular ducts that fit within the limited space. It’s important to carefully plan the route and location of the ducts to avoid structural elements and maximize efficiency. Additionally, you may need to cut openings in the studs and install plates to secure the ducts in place.When a professional is hired to install low-profile ductwork, they will handle all the details. That includes walking you through the installation process and ensuring your new ducts are properly sized for the heating and air system in your home. On average, you can expect to pay between $5 to $10 per linear foot for … A Duct-free HVAC System, more commonly known as a mini-split system, is a type of HVAC that does not require extensive ductwork that is usually seen in traditional central air systems. The duct-free HVAC system incorporates multiple wall-mounted blowers, and each blower is built to provide temperature controlled air to a single room or area. To calculate the required equipment size, divide the HVAC load for the entire building by 12,000. One ton equals 12,000 BTUs, so if a house or office needs 24,000 BTUs, it will take a 2-ton HVAC unit. If you get an uneven number, such as 2.33 for a 28,000 BTU load capacity, round up to a 2.5-ton unit. To use the duct CFM calculator, you must ... Here are the common types of HVAC insulation and their primary benefits: Duct Liner: Used to line sheet metal ducts when both thermal and acoustical performance is desired. Duct Board: Fabricated into the duct itself, duct board offers both sound and thermal control. Duct Wrap: Thermal insulation installed on the outside of sheet metal ductwork ... Inspect your ductwork system using a flashlight and simply look for any areas that are obviously leaking air. When you locate a leak, you should mark it somehow (take a picture or use a sharpie) or immediately seal the leak with foil backed duct tape or mastic. Turn on your HVAC system to full power or strength.Connect your wood stove fan to your fireplace or fire pit to ensure proper heat distribution through the central heating ducts. The plenum is the name for the heat distribution box. Place it on the fireplace if you want it connected to the central heating system. The woodstove should be close to the firepans as well.Apr 29, 2022 · Less Expensive – by almost 50%. By the time insulation is added to the cost of standard metal ductwork, the material cost is almost twice that of flexible ductwork that comes pre-insulated. Also, flexible ductwork is faster to install than metal ductwork. Properly sealing all seams, joints and elbows on metal is time consuming, and time is ... Because central air ducts can be costly to install, many people turn to wall heaters, wall air conditioners, or window air conditioners for their HVAC needs instead. These types of heating and air conditioning units are much more affordable to install than central HVAC systems and don't require major renovations.Some older homes simply cannot accommodate the extensive ductwork required by a central heating and cooling system. Some homes may also feature "hot spots," ...R-1.9. Most homeowners use supply and return ducts for both heating and cooling. In this case, you will have to use R-8 duct insulation on the exterior ducts and R-6 on unconditioned ducts in warmer climates (up to climate zone 4). In colder climates (climate zone 5 to 8), you have to use R-12 duct insulation on exterior ducts.A typical split system central air installation using an existing furnace should cost between $3,000 and $5,500 for labor and materials. On average that cost will be split about 60/40, with the majority falling under labor. It’s possible to purchase the AC system on your own and ask an HVAC pro to install it for you.Ductwork Services · air conditioning installation or · heating installation, ductwork can be a major and often overlooked factor. · St Louis City where homes t...A good HVAC duct sizing rule of thumb is to measure rooms in your home, the necessary airflow rates, and friction loss rate. Using these numbers you can calculate the appropriate HVAC duct size. For example, a one-to AC system typically uses 10-inch ducts, while a 4-ton AC system requires 18-inch ducts. …R-1.9. Most homeowners use supply and return ducts for both heating and cooling. In this case, you will have to use R-8 duct insulation on the exterior ducts and R-6 on unconditioned ducts in warmer climates (up to climate zone 4). In colder climates (climate zone 5 to 8), you have to use R-12 duct insulation on exterior ducts.What is Plenum in HVAC; Types of HVAC Dampers; Types of Ductwork for HVAC; When to Choose Spiral Ductwork; When to Choose Flexible Ductwork; …8" Inch Flexible Aluminum Ducting Hose Insulated R-8.0 Air Duct Pipe for for Heavy Duty HVAC & Exhaust Ductwork Insulation - 25' Feet Long - in Accordance with UL 181. 4.6 out of 5 stars. 566. $167.25 $ 167. 25. FREE delivery Fri, Mar 22 . Only 3 left in stock - order soon. Small Business. The thickness of HVAC rigid ducts starts from 0.6mm (24 SWG) and 0.8mm (22 SWG) up to 1.0mm (20 SWG) and 1.2mm (18 SWG). The bigger the rigid duct size, the thicker the sheet metal. Rigid ducts are usually constructed in accordance with SMACNA standards. Rigid ducts have two kinds of jointing methods; either slip & drive joint or TDC joint. But there are certain situations where ductless has a clear advantage: • New additions: garage apartments, bonus rooms, sunrooms. “And man caves,” Bowman adds. “If you smoke cigars in there, you won’t be sharing ductwork with the rest of the house.”. The main benefit of ductless here is that it will be properly sized for the new ... Ductwork is used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) to deliver and remove air. The airflows include return air, exhaust air, supply air, and ventilation air. Air ducts are one way to have good air quality and comfort. Ductwork is commonly referred to as the duct system. For your convenience, PlumbersStock has …

Galvanized Sheet Metal Ducts from The Duct Shop's HVAC ductwork is manufactured from high quality galvanized steel in 3 foot lengths for easy handling. One end of each piece is crimped for easy fitting of consecutive joints or to sheet metal fittings and flexible duct. The seam on our galvanized sheet metal duct is formed on a snap-lock machine ... . Llm in a flash

hvac duct work

May 20, 2020 ... Getting an HVAC-R contractor to do your ductwork could cost $2,500 and up (based on $50 per hour). It's best to get a professional to handle it ... In addition, sealing leaky air ducts can help to improve your home’s energy efficiency. When air leaks out of your ducts, your HVAC system has to work harder to heat or cool your home. 3. Ultimately, Reduce Your Energy Bills and Utilities. Improving energy efficiency will help to reduce your energy consumption and save you money on your bills. One of them is sealing up leaks in their ductwork. There are two very cheap, very easy ways to fix your leaky ductwork yourself; HVAC tape and duct sealant. Option 1 – HVAC Tape: This is your basic foil tape (Polyken 337) and what I use for a typical, exposed duct type system. 1 / 6.Sep 30, 2019 · Working with round ductwork. Whether you’re adding new heat runs in a basement or changing the layout of an existing HVAC system, you’ll probably be working with round metal ductwork pipe. We invited Bob Schmahl to give us a few pointers. Bob’s been a tin bender for more than 40 years. Ducts made of different types of metals have different characteristics. 1. Galvanized Iron (GI) Galvanized iron (GI) is a corrosive-resistant metal used for ductwork in HVAC. Irons that went through the galvanization process are known as galvanized irons. GI ducts are comprised of base steel, a layer of zinc coating on both sides …Rigid ducting is quieter than its flexible counterpart. Due to its shape, sound waves are smoothly channeled and directed by the material. On the other hand, ...When it comes to a properly functioning HVAC system, ductwork is something of an unsung hero. Even with the best air conditioner or furnace in the business, you’d be out of luck without the series of metal pipes or tubing that runs through your home, regulating airflow and ensuring every space is evenly cooled …Feb 13, 2024 · CONS. Not the easiest to tear with bare hands. Whether you need a vapor seal tape for duct closure or just a reliable tape to seal up the flexible and rigid ducts - 3M Aluminum Foil Tape 3340 is the right tape for the job. 3M Talc is a big player in the HVAC tape (or just tape) industry, and for a very good reason. Nortek, Inc. is one of the largest global companies you’ve probably never heard of. Nortek, Inc. is the parent company of Nortek Global HVAC, which sells products under major brand... Flexible duct can be installed in place of galvanized pipe in many applications if allowed by your local HVAC codes. In addition, its flexibility allows for easier installation in hard-to-reach areas. Booster fans and accessories and whole house humidifiers can help make your existing ductwork system more economical. Duct boosters efficiently ... Dirty air ducts can cause a variety of problems. It can worsen allergies, asthma and make it more difficult to clean your home. Some dirty air ducts can even make your home smell. ... Richard Trethewey is in the basement where the ductwork is being connected and installed by HVAC contractor Obie Rosa and his crew. Richard and Obie show Kev... Each length of supply air duct should be fully prepared on the ground. Each joint will need S-cletes for the longer top and bottom of the duct. Drives will be ...RF 2PR7ER3 – Air conditioner duct work under house in crawl space. RF DK718T – young worker and plastic pipes. RF EH8DT5 – A basement ceiling in a new construction showing the heat/air duct work attached to the framework and PVC pipes also. RM JCGY05 – White painted heating ducts in ceiling of garden centre. flexible duct work. in-line damper. metal pipe. right-angle transition ... 1.89 in. x 50 yd. 322 Multi-Purpose HVAC Foil Sealer Duct Tape. Add to Cart. Compare. Top ... 4. Clean Vents and Ductwork. Obstructions within the HVAC system (both return and supply ducting) can unnecessarily increase air pressure. An easy way to fix this is to clean your HVAC system. You can clean the supply and return vents yourself. Just unscrew them, use a vacuum cleaner, and then wash them if necessary.Steps for Insulating HVAC Ductwork. Check the speed of the blower motor on the furnace. If necessary, switch the wires to reduce the blower to its lowest speed. Press a continuous strip of foil tape to all longitudinal seams along straight runs of duct. Use a paintbrush to apply duct mastic to the joints where an elbow connects to a duct.When it comes to purchasing an HVAC system, one of the most well-known brands is Lennox. However, you may have noticed that prices for Lennox systems can vary greatly depending on ...HVAC flex duct, or flexible ductwork, is a type of lightweight and versatile conduit made from a wire coil covered with durable plastic, and surrounded by insulation. Unlike rigid metal ducting, it’s super easy to install ’cause it can twist and turn through tight spaces without needing special tools or fittings..

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